Industrialization

INDUSTRIALIZATION 11/07/11

**I SEE: **pg. 232-233 Painting by Adolph von Menzel (1875)
 * a lot of Iron
 * crowded
 * hot
 * dirty
 * man on right corner eating
 * all the metal tool on the floor = hazardous
 * water wheel
 * steam power


 * I believe that during the Industrial Revolution, working conditions in the factories were extremely terrible! Based on Menzel's painting, the work place is over crowded with not only the workers, but of the tools and metals. Due to the overcrowding, the work place is hazardous, it's HOT, dirty, and definitely unsafe & unsanitary!**



According to the timeline p. 232 **Who invented the seed drill? What is a seed drill? ** //Jethro Tull invented the seed drill in 1701. A seed drill is a manual drill that digs holes on the ground for seeds.// **What generalization can you make about inventions displayed on the time line? ** //The inventions were Progressive. A lot were to help make agriculture less work and more efficient. While some, like locomotive, was to move products and goods to and from places.// **What did inventor Richard Trevithick create in 1802 & why was it so significant? ** //In 1802, Richard Trevithick built the first steam locomotive. It created a new form of power and transportation.// **What else occurred the same year as //The Communist Manifesto// was published? ** //During 1848, the same time that __The Communist Manifesto__ was published, Revolutions throughout European was happening (e.i. French Revolution).// **KEY TERMS:**


 * Industrialization: ** developing industries for the production of goods

**Socialism:** A political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole

**Communism:** A political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs

**Capitalism:** An economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state

**Factors of Production:** the basic resources for industrialization, such necessary land, labor, and capital

**Laissez-Faire Economics:** Abstention by governments from interfering in the workings of the free market; things will take their own course

**Standard of Living:** The degree of wealth and material comfort available to a person or community

**Labor Union:** An organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests

**Strikes:** A refusal to work organized by a body of employees as a form of protest, typically in an attempt to gain a concession or concessions from their employer

**Urbanization:** A process of organizing people, processes, activities, and labour in cities or towns.



11/08/11

History and Economics p. 236

 * Read & take notes using a "T" chart format (Factors of productions in History/ Factors of Production Today
 * Compare - How has the location for the factors of production changed in current times?
 * Predict - How might the factors of production continue to change?

The factors of production improved greatly overtime. Before, supplies were mainly from the homeland. Now, supplies could be provided from different countries. Also, land, labor and capital values have changed. Since it's changed, now the wealthier the country, the more politically powerful it is.
 * **FACTORS OF PRODUCTIONS IN HISTORY** || **FACTORS OF PRODUCTION TODAY** ||
 * * During 1700s in G.B.
 * coal
 * iron ore
 * waterways
 * unemployed farmers
 * cash
 * human talents || * land, labor and capital don't have the same value as in 1700s
 * Now, industrial world depends on:
 * fossil fuels (**oil**)
 * Other countries can provide supplies
 * //China// & //India// = huge numbers of skilled workers
 * Capital resources have shifted
 * //Asia & Middle East// fund many factories in West
 * Affect wealth = affect in political power ||
 * Summary: **

Some of the things that production used to rely on during the 1700's don't have the same values as they do now (land, labor and capital). Nowadays, other countries play a role in providing supplies and skills as well. For example, China & India provide large numbers of skilled workers. Also, Asia and the Middle East fund many factories in the Western Counties. || Eventually, the whole world will be able to contribute in the factors of production today. Since from the 1700's, more countries started getting involved. ||
 * **COMPARISON:**
 * **PREDICTION:**



==**Critical Thinking p.241 #5 - Use yesterday's lecture & your text to create a graphic organizer - Factors of Production in Britain. Then write a summarizing paragraph explaining why Great Britain was an early leader in the Industrial Revolution.**==

but imported it || abundant deposits of coal || majority middle class || gold & silver from new world = more money! ||
 * Factors in the Start of the Industrial Revolution**
 * Government || Agriculture || Land || Labor || Capital ||
 * Capitalism = "invisible hands" || flourished || Island = water = trade || educated workers || new banking system = new\money economy ||
 * stable govt & economic system || didn't have a lot of cotton,

**INDUSTRIALIZED EUROPE, 1900 (pg. 252)**



It brought with it __wealth__ and __power__.
 * Map analysis p.252 - Copy the map of Industrialized Europe 1900**
 * What benefits did industrialization bring to some nations?**

The __benefits__ were greater of the industrialization because of the //long term effects.// For example, the manufacturing created a new middle class of clerks, merchants, and managers. The **standard of living**, or level of material comfort, for people in industrialized countries improved. Even many of the poorest people gradually benefited form labor-saving devices and cheap, machine-made goods. It introduced leisure, and overall brought wealth and power to the country.
 * Which do you think were greater, the costs or the benefits of industrialization?**

Industrialization will lead to TRADE to other countries. As aforementioned, Industrialization brought wealth and power, and along with this will come Imperialism which is the belief of spreading your power to other nations.
 * How could Industrialization lead to Imperialism?**

**Out of all the nations in Europe, Great Britain was the wealthiest and most powerful. As shown in the map, GB is an island which means that they can trade overseas easily. Also, you can see that they are abundant in natural resources (orange) which provide for the goods they can trade and profit from.**

11/09/11

= Capitalism and the Rise of the Corporation = Rise of the Corporation Mark-Up Crocodoc media type="custom" key="11527316"



= Lives of the Factory Workers = (Tenaments) = REFORM IN GREAT BRITAIN: = Write a summarizing paragraph describing The Reform Act of 1832 and the Factory Act of 1833. How does the passage of these acts compare to reforms in US History? How could these legislative acts contribute to British Imperialism of Asia and Africa?

During the 1800's, GB underwent several democratic reforms that better the lives of the workers and the people of the nation. The Reform Act of 1832, for example, introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of England and Wales. It helped increase the number of eligable voters by allowing the middle-class men to partake in it. Another example of would be the Factory Act of 1833 which greatly benefited the workers physically. It shortened the hours that children and women had to work in the factories. It affected children drastically, such as children ages 9-13 needed to recieve at least 2 hours of education a day, and teenagers could only work 12 hours a day. GB, like the US, created these reforms for the greater good of the people. These reforms helped increase the people's involvement and their representation. It would also influence other nations because with a nation trying so hard to better itself (and succeeding) they might want to spread it to other nations such as Asia and Africa.

=Socialism vs. Communism vs. Capitalism=

11/14/11

//**Laws of Economics:**//
 * Homework:**

Chapter 8: Life in the Industrial Revolution Predictions




BIG changes were happening! Based on the first picture above, there's clear evidence of **prosperity**.
 * Railroads = more efficient & faster transportation
 * Industrialization = more money
 * Middle Class grew
 * There was more leisure time and therefore rather than just working, people were able to focus and advance in other topics
 * Science & Technology were one of the major advancements
 * Better conditions & lifestyles

__ KEY TERMS __
__ CHAPTER 7 __ **Industrial Revolution:** a period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in mid-1700's **Enclosure Movement:** a process in Europe from 1700s to the mid-1800s where landowners fenced small fields to create large farms, allowing for more efficient farming in areas rebelling against the Union **Factors of Production:** the basic resources for industrialization, such necessary land, labor, and capital **Cottage Industry:** a usually small-scale industry carried on at home by family members using their own equipment **Factory:** a place where goods are manufactured in mass quantity **Industrialization:** developing industries for the production of goods **Jethro Tull:** British inventor; he invented the seed drill **Richard Arkwright:** English inventor; in 1769 he patented the spinning frame, which spun stronger, thinner, thread **James Watt:** Scottish inventor; he developed crucial innovations to make the steam engine efficient, fast, and better able to power machinery **Robert Fulton:** American engineer and inventor; he built the first commercially successful, full-sized steamboat, the //Clermont//, which led to the development of commercial steamboat ferry services for goods and people

__ CHAPTER 8 __ **Michael Faraday:** English scientist; he invented the dynamo--a machine that generated electricity. His invention eventually led to today's electrical generators **Thomas Edison:** American inventor of over 1,000 patents; he invented the light bulb and established a power plant that supplied electricity to parts of NYC **Bessemer Process:** a process developed in 1850s that led to faster, cheaper steel production **Henry Ford:** American business leader; he revolutionized factory production through use of the assembly line and popularized the affordable automobile **Wilbur and Orville Wright:** American pioneers of aviation; they went from experiments with kites and gliders to piloting the first successful gas-powered airplane flight **Telegraph:** a machine perfected by Samuel F.B. Morse in 1832; it uses pulses of electric current to send messages across long distances through wire **Samuel Morse:** American artist and inventor; he applied scientists' discoveries of electricity and magnetism to develop the telegraph **Alexander Graham Bell:** American inventor and educator, his interests in electrical and mechanical devices to aid people with hearing impairments led to the development and patent of the telephone

__CHAPTER 9__ **Queen Victoria:** Queen of GB and Ireland from 1837 to 1901 and empress of India from 1876 to 1901; she had the longest reign in all of British history and allowed Parliament to become more involved in running the gov't **Victoria Era:** the era spanning the reign of Queen Victoria of England (1837-1901) **Benjamin Disraeli:** British statesman; as prime minister, he passed key reforms, including an extension of male suffrage **Suffrage:** the right to vote **Emmeline Pankhurst:** British political activist and leader of the British suffragette movement which helped women win the right to vote